Uterine cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in women. The good news is cases can be detected early and some risk factors can be addressed through preventive care. At Women’s Health Practice, we are committed to helping women understand their risks and take proactive steps toward better gynecologic health.
Know the Warning Signs
Abnormal or irregular uterine bleeding is the most common early symptom of uterine cancer. Irregular bleeding is usually caused by noncancerous gynecologic conditions; it should never be ignored. Current medical guidelines help your gynecologist determine if additional testing is needed, such as a pelvic ultrasound or an endometrial biopsy,
Women with irregular menstrual cycles or unexpected bleeding after menopause should always seek evaluation.
Understanding Precancerous Changes
Certain conditions can increase the risk of developing uterine cancer over time. These include:
- Thickening of the uterine lining (endometrial hyperplasia)
- Endometrial polyps
- Atypical cells within the uterine lining
Infections are a rare cause of precancerous changes. Endometrial hyperplasia occurs when the uterine lining becomes excessively thick. In some cases, these abnormal cells develop atypia, a precancerous condition that may eventually progress to uterine cancer if left untreated. Ultrasound measurements of the endometrial lining can help determine whether additional evaluation is recommended.
Hormones and Cancer Prevention
Research has shown that progesterone plays an important role in protecting the uterine lining. Hormonal balance between estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone is what we seek for you. Hormonal birth control methods, including:
- Birth control pills
- Hormonal IUDs
- Depo-Provera® (DMPA) injections or other long term progestone methods
all reduce the risk of developing uterine cancer. If you have concerns about your risk factors, discuss the various progesterone-containing options with your healthcare provider.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Pregnancy and breastfeeding have been associated with a reduced risk of uterine cancer. As an added benefit, they are also linked to a lower risk of both breast and ovarian cancers.
Lifestyle Factors Matter
Several lifestyle factors can influence uterine cancer risk. Exercise lowers risk.
Weight Management
Women who are overweight or obese have a higher risk of uterine cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight through balanced nutrition and regular physical activity can help reduce risk. Limiting excess sugar and processed carbohydrates may also improve overall health and metabolic function.
Diabetes and Prediabetes
Women with diabetes, prediabetes, or insulin resistance have an increased risk of uterine cancer. Managing blood sugar levels and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can be an important part of prevention.
Smoking
Although uterine cancer and cervical cancer are very different diseases, smoking is a risk factor for both. Smoking significantly increases cervical cancer risk and modestly increases uterine cancer risk. Quitting smoking is one of the best steps you can take for your long-term health.
Family History and Genetics
A family history of uterine cancer may increase your risk. Be sure to share your complete family medical history with your gynecologist. Some women may benefit from genetic counseling, additional screening, or more frequent monitoring depending on their personal and family history.
The Importance of Screening and Evaluation
Unlike cervical cancer, there is no routine screening test that is recommended for all women to detect uterine cancer. However, pelvic ultrasound and endometrial biopsy can be very useful diagnostic tools when symptoms or risk factors are present.
It is also important to remain current with Pap testing. While Pap smears are designed to screen for cervical cancer, they can occasionally identify abnormal cells that warrant additional evaluation.
Partner With Your Gynecologist
Early detection saves lives. Annual gynecologic visits provide an opportunity to discuss symptoms, review risk factors, and determine whether additional testing is needed.
If you are experiencing abnormal bleeding, have concerns about your cancer risk, or are due for your annual examination, we are here to help.
Women’s Health Practice: 217-356-3736
We welcome new patients and do not charge facility fees for office visits.
