Your thyroid plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, but its influence reaches every organ system in the body. Whether you’re in your 20s or 70s, even mild thyroid dysfunction can trigger a wide range of symptoms—many of which are subtle or mistakenly attributed to aging, dieting with GLP-1, overtraining, or stress.
Thyroid Hormones: More Than Just TSH
Your body produces thyroid hormones—T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (triiodothyronine)—with the help of iodine. T4 converts to T3 in tissues and blood stream outside the thyroid, where most active thyroid hormone originates. Standard blood tests often miss tissue-level deficiencies, especially in early or mild dysfunction. That’s why evaluating symptoms remains just as important as reading lab values.
Why TPO Antibody Testing Matters
Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is an enzyme in the thyroid gland crucial for hormone production. If your immune system produces antibodies against TPO, it may signal autoimmune thyroid conditions such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease. A simple blood test for TPO antibodies can detect thyroid autoimmunity years before your TSH rises or falls.
Recognizing the Symptoms of Thyroid Dysfunction
If you’re struggling with any of the symptoms below, it’s time to consider a full thyroid panel—including TSH, Free T3, Free T4, and TPO antibodies:
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Dry, brittle nails or hair loss: These often signal slowed cellular turnover.
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Constipation: A hallmark of hypothyroidism, though thyroid imbalance can also cause alternating bowel habits.
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Muscle aches or stiffness: Low thyroid hormone affects calcium regulation and muscle recovery.
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Mood swings, anxiety, or irritability: Elevated reverse T3 and cortisol may contribute.
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Irregular or heavy periods: Thyroid imbalance can disrupt ovulation and fertility.
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Weight gain or difficulty losing weight: Even with “normal” thyroid levels, you may benefit from optimization, especially if you’re in the lower third of the normal range.
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Fatigue, brain fog, or slowed cognition: These are common and often misattributed to aging or stress.
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Skin changes: Dryness, breakouts, or thinning skin can reflect impaired skin cell turnover. Lip dryness as well.
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Low libido or less intense orgasms: Thyroid hormones affect sexual function and desire. Proper thyroid will also improve responses to ThermiVa or MonaLisa Touch therapy.
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Hoarseness or throat fullness: Swelling in the thyroid may press on nearby tissues.
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Cold intolerance: A body temperature consistently below 97.6°F may signal low metabolism.
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Migrating joint or muscle pain: Often tied to low cellular energy production.
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Vitamin D deficiency: Even with good sun exposure or supplements, poor absorption can occur in thyroid dysfunction.
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Anemia or low ferritin: Not always caused by hypothyroidism but can make symptoms worse.
Why You Should Retest Over Time
Your thyroid health isn’t static. Age, weight changes, chronic stress, and even medications like GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., semaglutide or tirzepatide) can shift thyroid function. These medications can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce inflammation, but they may also unmask underlying thyroid issues—especially in those with autoimmune risk.
How Often Should You Test?
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Every 1–2 years if you have risk factors or a family history
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Annually if you’ve had borderline or mildly abnormal labs
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Every 6–12 months if you’re on thyroid medication
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With any major life change: pregnancy, menopause, significant weight change, or a new chronic illness
Bottom Line
Thyroid testing isn’t just about TSH. A comprehensive approach that includes TPO antibodies and attention to your symptoms leads to earlier diagnosis, better symptom control, and improved quality of life. If you’re noticing changes in energy, weight, skin, or mood, don’t wait—get a full thyroid panel and talk to your healthcare provider about the results.
Need a personalized evaluation? Book a consult at Women’s Health Practice. We’ll help you optimize your thyroid function—so you can look, feel, and perform your best.
