When you are pregnant every part of your body is dramatically affected by the physical changes that accommodate the developing baby. The uterus grows from 70 grams to 1000 grams, most women gain at least a couple of stone, and your skin starts taking on pigments that may fade but never leave! We notice our tastes changing, and our smell changing, and generally we ignore what seems minor.
Pregnancy and Runny Noses: Causes, Treatments, and Precautions
A runny nose during pregnancy is a surprisingly common issue, thanks to a variety of physiological changes that occur during this time. While it’s often harmless, it can be uncomfortable, and in some cases, lead to more significant symptoms. Here’s what you need to know about why it happens, how to manage it safely, and important precautions to protect yourself and your baby during flu and COVID-19 seasons.
Why Does Pregnancy Cause a Runny Nose?
But what may seem minor, but often isn’t in pregnancy, is the runny nose and altered hearing women report. There are specifically sinus changes in the ear, nose and throat primarily due to changes in the circulatory system, such as the 50% extra fluid in our circulation women produce by late second trimester. Just that extra fluid can produce more complaints of runny noses.
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Increased Circulation and Pressure
The growing uterus creates pressure on your circulation, which can affect blood flow to the nasal passages. This increased pressure may contribute to nasal congestion or a runny nose. -
Hormonal Changes
During pregnancy, rising levels of estrogen and progesterone can lead to swelling and increased blood flow in the nasal mucosa. This causes nasal passages to become engorged and more prone to congestion. -
Heightened Sensitivity to Allergens
Pregnancy alters your immune system, which may heighten sensitivity to allergens, leading to pregnancy rhinitis. -
Fragile Nasal Linings
The combination of hormonal changes and increased blood flow makes the nasal linings more fragile. This can result in epistaxis (nosebleeds) and rhinitis.
Symptoms to Watch For
- Occasional sneezing or nasal drip.
- Nasal congestion or a feeling of “stuffy nose.”
- Rarely, more severe issues like ringing in the ears (tinnitus), facial palsy due to nerve swelling, or temporary hearing changes. These conditions, though rare, typically resolve after pregnancy.
How to Safely Treat a Runny Nose During Pregnancy
Most treatments for a runny nose or nasal congestion during pregnancy are similar to those used by non-pregnant individuals but with an emphasis on safety for the developing fetus. Here are some safe and effective options:
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Saline Nasal Spray or Rinse
A simple saline spray or neti pot can help flush out irritants and reduce congestion. -
Humidifier
Using a humidifier in your bedroom can prevent your nasal passages from drying out and becoming irritated. -
Elevate Your Head
Sleeping with your head slightly elevated can reduce nighttime congestion. -
Stay Hydrated
Drinking plenty of fluids helps keep mucus thin and easier to manage. -
Medication
- Safe Options: Over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen for pain or saline-based sprays are typically safe.
- Avoid Without Doctor Approval: Decongestants like pseudoephedrine or certain antihistamines may not be safe in all stages of pregnancy. Always consult your healthcare provider before using medications.
COVID-19, Influenza, and Pregnancy Precautions
During pregnancy, your immune system is slightly altered, which can increase your risk of both acquisition and complications from illnesses like COVID-19 or influenza. Here’s how to protect yourself and your baby:
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Get Vaccinated
- COVID-19: Vaccination during pregnancy is safe and strongly recommended to protect both you and your baby.
- Influenza: Pregnant women are at a higher risk of severe flu complications, making the annual flu shot essential.
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Practice Good Hygiene
- Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
- Avoid touching your face, especially your nose and mouth.
- Use hand sanitizer when soap isn’t available.
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Wear a Mask in Crowded Spaces
Masks are especially important in high-risk areas, such as during flu season or in settings where social distancing isn’t possible. -
Monitor Symptoms
If your runny nose is accompanied by fever, cough, or shortness of breath, consult your healthcare provider to rule out COVID-19, influenza, or other respiratory illnesses. -
Stay Home if You Feel Unwell
Rest and avoid contact with others if you have cold-like symptoms to prevent spreading infections.
For more guidance:
- CDC – Pregnancy and COVID-19
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists – Influenza During Pregnancy
